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1.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 56(5): 451-454, Sep-Oct/2014.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-722326

ABSTRACT

There is a clear need to perform epidemiological studies to find the true prevalence of Entamoeba histolytica around the world. The evaluation of this prevalence has been hindered by the existence of two different species which are morphologically identical, but genetically different, namely E. histolytica, which causes amebiasis, and E. dispar, which is non-pathogenic. In Brazil, the E. dispar has been detected in communities in the Southeastern (SE) and Northeastern (NE) regions with poor sanitation. However, individuals infected with E. histolytica have been identified in other regions. There is an absence of reports on the prevalence of these parasites in the state of Paraíba, which also has areas with poor sanitary conditions where a high prevalence of the E. histolytica/E. dispar complex has been detected in children from urban slums. The present study evaluated the prevalence of E. histolytica and E. dispar in 1,195 asymptomatic children between two and 10 years of age, living in a sprawling urban slum in Campina Grande, in the state of Paraíba, in Northeastern Brazil. These children were examined and their feces samples were analyzed microscopically. A total of 553 children tested positive for the E. histolytica/E. dispar complex, and 456 of the positive samples were tested with the E. histolytica II® ELISA kit. All 456 samples were negative for the presence of the adhesin E. histolytica specific antigen. The evidence suggests that in this community E. histolytica is absent and E. dispar is the dominant species.


A prevalência mundial de Entamoeba histolytica não está bem estabelecida. Este fato deve-se à complicação derivada da existência de duas espécies morfologicamente idênticas, mas geneticamente diferentes: a E. histolytica que causa amebíases e a E. dispar descrita como não patogênica. No Brasil, em comunidades com precárias condições sanitárias e endêmicas para várias parasitoses, localizadas nas regiões Sudeste (SE) e Nordeste (NE), somente E. dispar tem sido encontrada, porém outras regiões, apresentam indivíduos infectados por E. histolytica. Na região agreste do Estado da Paraíba (NE) que apresenta as mesmas precárias condições sanitárias, não tem sido reportada prevalência específica destes parasitos, embora fosse encontrada alta prevalência do complexo E. dispar/E. histolytica em crianças em favela urbana. O presente estudo foi realizado em favela da cidade de Campina Grande, Estado da Paraíba, onde 1.195 crianças de dois a 10 anos sem sintomatologia foram examinadas. Amostras de fezes destas crianças foram analisadas microscopicamente, encontrando-se 553 positivas para o complexo E. dispar/E. histolytica. Do total de amostras positivas, 456 foram submetidas à pesquisa do antígeno especifico para E. histolytica pelo teste ELISA E. histolytica II®,obtendose resultado negativo para a presença do antígeno adesina específico de E. histolytica, em todas as amostras testadas. Os resultados sugerem que nesta comunidade não há infecção por E. histolytica, e que E. dispar é a espécie dominante na região.


Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Antigens, Protozoan/blood , Entamoeba histolytica/immunology , Entamoebiasis/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Entamoeba/immunology , Entamoebiasis/diagnosis , Feces/parasitology , Poverty Areas , Prevalence , Species Specificity , Urban Population
2.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 45(6): 761-763, Nov.-Dec. 2012. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-661082

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Ascaris lumbricoides-infected patients present lower prevalence of severe atopic dermatitis. METHODS: Peripheral blood of infected children with atopic dermatitis was assessed by flow cytometry of the frequency of Th1 and Th2 cells through the expression of CXCR3 and CCR4 chemokine receptors, respectively. RESULTS: Helminth-free patients with atopic dermatitis presented a high frequency of CCR4+Th2 cells. Parasitized patients with atopic dermatitis showed a lower frequency of CXCR3+Th1 cells compared to infected individuals only. CONCLUSIONS: Ascariasis modifies the blood traffic of Th2 cells in atopic dermatitis patients, while the allergic disease down-regulates the traffic of Th1 cells in parasitized patients.


INTRODUÇÃO: Pacientes infectados com Ascaris lumbricoides apresentam menor prevalência de dermatite atópica grave. MÉTODOS: Sangue periférico de crianças infectadas com dermatite atópica foi analisado por citometria de fluxo quanto à frequência de células Th1 e Th2 pela expressão de receptores de quimiocina CXCR3 e CCR4, respectivamente. RESULTADOS: Pacientes sem helmintos com dermatite atópica apresentaram alta frequência de células Th2CCR4+. Pacientes parasitados com dermatite atópica apresentaram menor frequência de células Th1CXCR3+ comparados aos indivíduos apenas infectados. CONCLUSÕES: Ascaridiases altera o tráfego sanguíneo de células Th2 em pacientes com dermatite atópica, enquanto a doença alérgica diminui o tráfego de células Th1 em pacientes parasitados.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Ascariasis/immunology , Ascaris lumbricoides/immunology , Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology , /immunology , /immunology , Th1 Cells/immunology , /immunology , Ascariasis/complications , Case-Control Studies , Dermatitis, Atopic/complications , Flow Cytometry , Feces/parasitology , Severity of Illness Index
3.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 106(5): 625-628, Aug. 2011. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-597725

ABSTRACT

Ocular toxoplasmosis can result in recurrent uveitis. Studies have shown that a correlation between active ocular toxoplasmosis and the presence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii secretory IgA (SIgA) in tears. This study compares anti-T. gondii SIgA levels in patients' tears during the acute and inactive phases of toxoplasmic uveitis. Twenty-nine positive tear specific SIgA for T. gondii patients with acute toxoplasmic uveitis were selected and were followed-up for at least two years, when the anti-T. gondii SIgA tears levels were determined. Specific SIgA for T. gondii was negative in 22 patients (75.86 percent) and positive in seven patients (24.13 percent) of whom six (85.7 percent) were followed over three years. Average SIgA levels during the acute phase are 1.54 and decrease significantly to 0.72 (p = 0.0001) during the inactive phase of disease. Because anti-T. gondii SIgA in the tear is negative in 75.86 percent of patients after the acute phase of infection, T. gondii SIgA levels may be used as a complementary diagnostic marker for active ocular toxoplasmosis.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antibodies, Protozoan , Immunoglobulin A, Secretory , Tears/immunology , Toxoplasma/immunology , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular , Acute Disease , Biomarkers , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Follow-Up Studies , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tears
4.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 86(1): 53-58, jan.-fev. 2010. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-542903

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar a associação entre dermatite atópica (DA) e ascaridíase em crianças de 2 a 10 anos do bairro do Pedregal, Campina Grande (PB), área de baixos indicadores socioeconômicos. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal a partir da aplicação do questionário padrão do International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Chlidhood (ISAAC) e exame parasitológico de fezes para Ascaris lumbricoides. A variável dependente foi o diagnóstico de DA ausente, DA leve e DA grave. Efetuou-se análise de regressão logística multivariada, bem como análise descritiva das variáveis do estudo. As associações foram estimadas por meio de risco relativo (RR) e razão de chances (odds ratio, OR). A inferência estatística foi baseada em intervalos de confiança de 95 por cento (IC95 por cento). Resultados: Foram avaliadas 1.195 crianças, sendo 51,2 por cento (n = 612) do sexo feminino. A prevalência de DA foi de 24,6 por cento, e a de ascaridíase, de 26,1 por cento. Das crianças com DA leve, 44 (36,7 por cento) eram parasitadas pelo A. lumbricoides, enquanto que 40 (22,9 por cento), com DA grave, apresentavam a mesma geo-helmintose (p = 0,01). Comparando-se os casos negativos para DA com os casos leves e graves, constatou-se que a presença de ascaridíase aumentou a ocorrência de dermatite leve (RR = 1,7; p = 0,009), mas não de DA grave (RR = 0,86; p = 0,46). Avaliando-se apenas os casos positivos de dermatite, DA leve (n = 120; 40,8 por cento) e DA grave (n = 176; 59,2 por cento), verifica-se que a exposição parasitária diminui a ocorrência da forma grave (RR = 1,46; p = 0,016). Conclusão: Existe elevada prevalência de DA e de ascaridíase na população estudada. A forma grave de DA está associada com baixa parasitemia de A. lumbricoides.


Objective: To assess the association between atopic dermatitis (AD) and ascariasis in 2 to 10-aged children from the neighborhood Pedregal, in the city of Campina Grande, Brazil, an area of low socioeconomic index. Methods:Cross-sectional study conducted with the use of the standard questionnaire from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) and stool parasitological exam for Ascaris lumbricoides. The dependent variable was AD diagnosis: absent, mild, and severe. Multivariate logistic regression and descriptive analysis of the variable were used. Associations were estimated using relative risk (RR) and odds ratio (OR). The statistical inference was based on 95 percent confidence intervals (95 percentCI). Results: We assessed 1,195 children, 612 (51.2 percent) female. The AD prevalence was 24.6 percent, and ascariasis prevalence was 26.1 percent. In the mild AD group of children, 44 (36.7 percent) were infected by A. lumbricoides, while in the severe AD group, 40 (22.9 percent) had the same geohelminthosis (p = 0.01). Comparing negative cases of AD between mild and severe forms, the infection with A. lumbricoides increased the frequency of mild AD (RR = 1.7; p = 0.009), but not the severe form (RR = 0.86; p = 0.46). Evaluating only the positive cases of dermatitis, 120 mild AD (40.8 percent) and 176 with severe AD (58.2 percent), it can be said that the exposure to the parasite decreased the frequency of the severe form of dermatitis (RR = 1.46; p = 0.016). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of AD and of ascariasis in the population studied. The severe AD is related to lower parasitemia of A. lumbricoides.


Subject(s)
Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Ascariasis/epidemiology , Dermatitis, Atopic/epidemiology , Ascariasis/parasitology , Ascaris lumbricoides/isolation & purification , Brazil/epidemiology , Dermatitis, Atopic/classification , Epidemiologic Methods
5.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 104(6): 818-822, Sept. 2009. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-529552

ABSTRACT

Toxoplasma gondii causes posterior uveitis and the specific diagnosis is based on clinical criteria. The presence of anti-T. gondii secretory IgA (sIgA) antibodies in patients' tears has been reported and an association was found between ocular toxoplasmosis and the anti-T. gondii sIgA isotype in Brazilian patients. The purpose of this study was to provide an objective validation of the published ELISA test for determining the presence of anti-T. gondii sIgA in the tears of individuals with ocular toxoplasmosis. Tears from 156 patients with active posterior uveitis were analysed; 82 of them presented characteristics of ocular toxoplasmosis (standard lesion) and 74 patients presented uveitis due to other aetiologies. Cases of active posterior uveitis were considered standard when a new inflammatory focus satellite to old retinochoroidal scars was observed. The determination of anti-T. gondii sIgA was made using an ELISA test with crude tachyzoite antigenic extracts. Tears were collected without previous stimulation. Detection of sIgA showed 65.9 percent sensitivity (95 percent CI = 54.5-74.4), 71.6 percent specificity (95 percent CI = 59.8-81.2), a positive predictive value of 72 percent (95 percent CI = 60.3-81.5) and a negative predictive value of 65.4 percent (95 percent CI = 54.0-75.4). sIgA reactivity was higher in the tears of patients with active posterior uveitis due to T. gondii (p < 0.05). The test is useful for differentiating active posterior uveitis due to toxoplasmosis from uveitis caused by other diseases.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Immunoglobulin A, Secretory/analysis , Tears/immunology , Toxoplasma/immunology , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular/diagnosis , Uveitis, Posterior/parasitology , Antibodies, Protozoan/analysis , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tears/parasitology , Young Adult
6.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 71(1): 43-48, jan.-fev. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-480015

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Describir características clínicas de uveítis posterior activa, presumiblemente por Toxoplasma gondii (UPAPT) en portadores de lesión típica. Estudio tranversal. MÉTODOS: 64 portadores de UPAPT con retinocorroiditis cicatrizada y lesión satélite activa, mayores de 10 años, inmunocompetentes, examinados en Permambuco, Brazil. Se analizó: sexo, edad, color de la piel, procedencia, uveítis anteriores, agudeza visual, presión ocular y exámen ocular. RESULTADOS: Masculino en 52 por ciento. Edad media 29 años (±10,87). Piel blanca en 68,8 por ciento. Domicilio en la área metropolitana en 80,4 por ciento. Primer episodio de uveítis en 56,2 por ciento. Media de visión en ojo afectado 20/200. Presión ocular media 14,5 mmHg (±7,64) en ojo afectado. Conjuntiva hiperemiada en 29,7 por ciento. Alteraciones corneales en 51,6 por ciento. Células en el humor acuoso en 67,2 por ciento. Sinéquias posteriores en 6,2 por ciento. Compromiso vítreo en 100 por ciento. Vasculitis retiniana en 45,3 por ciento. Lesiones localizads en la zona I de Holland en 42,2 por ciento, siendo de tamaño igual o mayor de un diámetro de disco en 90,6 por ciento. Neuritis en 28,2 por ciento. CONCLUSIÓN: UPAPT afecta adultos jóvenes, siendo el síntoma principal la disminución de la visión. Presión ocular media normal. Compromiso vítreo en todos los casos. Com mayor frequencia las lesiones fueron mayores de un diámetro de disco localizadas en la zona I de Holland.


PURPOSE: To describe clinical characteristics of posterior active uveitis presumptively by Toxoplasma gondii (PAUPT) in patients with typical lesion. Tranversal study. METHODS: Sixty-four patients with retinochoroiditis scatter and active satellite lesions examined in Pernambuco, Brazil. All were older than 10 years and immunocompetent. Gender, age, skin color, and residence were recorded. Previous uveitis, visual accuracy, intraocular pressure (IOP), and ocular examination were analyzed. RESULTS: 52 percent were males, most of them with white skin (68.8 percent). Mean age 29 years (±10.87). Eighty-four percent of the patients lived in the metropolitan area. 56.2 percent were having the first episode of uveitis. In the damaged eye, visual accuracy mean was 20/200, IOP mean 14.5 mmHg (±64). Hyperemia of the conjunctiva was observed in 29.7 percent of the patients and alterations of the cornea in 51.6 percent. There were cells in the aqueous humor in 62.7 percent. 6.2 percent had posterior synechiae. All had vitreous damage and 45.3 percent retinal vasculitis. In 42.2 percent of the patients, lesions were located in zone I of Holland and 90.6 percent had the size of one discus diameter or greater. Neuritis was observed in 28.2 percent. Uveitis was more frequent in the right eye (54.7 percent). CONCLUSION: PAUPT affects young people and the main symptom was reduction of visual acuity. IOP mean was normal. Alterations of the vitreous were observed in all cases. Injuries were equal to one discus diameter or greater and located in zone I of Holland.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Aqueous Humor/parasitology , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular/diagnosis , Uveitis, Posterior/parasitology , Visual Acuity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Recurrence , Severity of Illness Index , Toxoplasma/isolation & purification , Uveitis, Posterior/diagnosis , Young Adult
7.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 101(supl.1): 313-316, Oct. 2006. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-441265

ABSTRACT

The emergence of strains of Schistosoma resistant to praziquantel has drawn attention to the search for new schistosomacide drugs. Imidazolidinic derivatives have performed outstandingly against adult S. mansoni worms when evaluated in vitro. The molecular modification of imidazolidine by way of bioisosteric replacement gives rise to variations in its biological response. This study verifies the potential of substituent groups in the derivatives (Z)3-benzyl-5-(2-fluoro-benzylidene)-imidazolidine-2,4-dione NE4, 3-benzyl-5-(4-chloro-arylazo)-4-thioxo-imidazolidin -2-ona PT5, 3-benzyl-5-(3-fluoro-benzylidene)-1-methyl-2-thioxo-imidazolidin-4-one JT53; 3-benzyl-1-methyl-5-(4-methyl-benzylidene)-2-thioxo-imidazolidin-4-one JT63; 3-benzyl-1-methyl-5-(4-methoxi-benzylidene)-2-thioxo -imidazolidin-4-one JT68; 3-(4-chloro-benzyl)-1-methyl-5-(4-methoxi-benzylidene)-2-thioxo-imidazolidin-4-one JT69; 3-(4-phenyl-benzyl)-1-methyl-5-(4-methoxi-benzylidene)-2-thioxo-imidazolidin-4-one JT72 by determining the viability in vitro of adult S. mansoni worms in the presence of these derivatives. The susceptibility of the worms obtained from mice and kept in culture in the presence of different concentrations was determined by way of schistosomacide kinetic, observed every 24 h over a period of eight days. The results show that the worms were more sensitive to the PT5 derivative at a concentration of 58 æM which killed 100 percent of the worms after 24 h of contact, also giving rise to alterations in the tegument surface of the worms with the formation of bubbles and peeling. These observations suggest a strong electronic contribution of the arylazo grouping in the biological response.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Mice , Imidazolidines/pharmacology , Schistosoma mansoni/drug effects , Schistosomicides/pharmacology , Imidazolidines/chemical synthesis , Parasitic Sensitivity Tests , Schistosomicides/chemical synthesis , Time Factors
8.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 101(supl.1): 331-332, Oct. 2006. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-441269

ABSTRACT

Schistosoma mansoni infected C57Bl/6 inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-deficient and non-deficient malnourished mice, both fed a balanced controlled diet were studied. Interleukins, IL-4 and IL-10 responses to soluble egg antigens (SEA) 90 days after infection, were determined. Our results suggest that in iNOS deficient, malnourished mice, 90 days after of infection, nitric oxide has a downregulating effect on IL-4 and IL-10 production. We are currently investigating the biological significance of these findings.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , /biosynthesis , /biosynthesis , Malnutrition/immunology , Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/deficiency , Schistosomiasis mansoni/immunology , Antigens, Helminth/immunology , Disease Models, Animal , Ovum/immunology
9.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 38(1): 27-32, jan.-fev. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-420210

ABSTRACT

A caracterização protéica dos extratos de larvas infectantes (L3) de Wuchereria bancrofti foi realizada por eletroforese em gel de poliacrilamida, em presença de dodecil sulfato de sódio (SDS-PAGE) e o reconhecimento antigênico das proteínas por Western-blot. O maior número de bandas protéicas reconhecidas foi evidenciado nos extratos AgSE (105, 100, 76, 55, 49, 39 e 32 kDa) e AgS (100, 76, 55, e 49 kDa) na presença de soros de indivíduos endêmicos normais. As bandas de 49 e 55 kDa foram reconhecidas pelos soros dos microfilarêmicos, endêmicos normais (residentes de área endêmica livres de infecção filarial) e portadores da forma crônica da doença. As larvas infectantes foram obtidas pela dissecção de mosquitos Culex quinquefasciatus infectados com sangue microfilarêmico de voluntários portadores de microfilaremia, residentes do Município de Olinda-PE. Nos 792 indivíduos investigados pela técnica da gota espessa mensurada (60æl de sangue) 87 foram positivos (11 por cento). A diferenca da positividade entre homens e mulheres não foi significativa e a faixa etária de 11 a 19 anos foi a de maior prevalência.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antigens, Helminth/immunology , Elephantiasis, Filarial/immunology , Helminth Proteins/analysis , Blotting, Western , Brazil , Chronic Disease , Culex/parasitology , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Elephantiasis, Filarial/diagnosis , Helminth Proteins/immunology , Larva/chemistry , Larva/immunology , Wuchereria bancrofti/chemistry , Wuchereria bancrofti/immunology
10.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 99(8): 861-864, dez. 2004. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-393769

ABSTRACT

It is quite difficult to diagnose active toxoplasmosis in patients with ocular toxoplasmosis. Active posterior uveitis presumably due to Toxoplasma gondii infection (APUPT) is seldom produced during a prime-infection; hence most patients do not show high IgM antibodies. High levels of IgA have been described in active toxoplasmosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate possible association between APUPT and the specific anti-parasite sIgA in tears. The study was carried out as case-control. Tears of 25 clinically confirmed APUPT patients and 50 healthy control subjects were analyzed. All were IgG seropositive. Specific sIgA was determined by ELISA assay using T. gondii RH strain crude extract. Anti-T. gondii sIgA was found in 84 percent of the cases and in 22 percent of the control subjects. The intensity of the reaction was higher in APUPT cases (P = 0.007). There was strong association between APUPT patients and lacrimal sIgA (odds-ratio 18.61, P = 0.0001). ELISA test sensitivity was 84 percent and specificity 78 percent . Our data suggest that anti-T.gondii secretory IgA found in tears may become an important marker for active ocular toxoplasmosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Antibodies, Protozoan , Immunoglobulin A, Secretory , Tears , Toxoplasma , Toxoplasmosis, Ocular , Uveitis, Posterior , Biomarkers , Case-Control Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Immunoglobulin G , Sensitivity and Specificity
11.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 37(3): 222-228, maio-jun. 2004. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-360408

ABSTRACT

Com o objetivo de avaliar o Callithrix jacchus (sagüi) como modelo experimental para a esquistossomose, um grupo de 10 animais, machos, adultos jovens, foram expostos a 250 cercárias da cepa SLM (São Lourenço da Mata) do Schistosoma mansoni, pela via percutânea. A intervalos de 15 dias até 120 dias apos infecção foram dosados os níveis de proteínas totais e enzimas séricas, além de realizados exames parasitológico e hematológico. Aumento significativo foi observado para: fosfatase alcalina a partir do 150 dia; contagem global de eosinófilos aos 120 dias, e diferencial de eosinófilos aos 45 e 60 dias p.i. Nao se observou ovos de Schistosoma nas fezes. A perfusão cinco animais apresentaram vermes adultos. Todos os vermes encontrados eram diminutos. O número de ovos foi 0-289,7 ovos/g de tecido no fígado, 0-30,1 no intestino grosso, 0-171,4 no intestino delgado. Esta observaçoes levam-nos a concluir que o Callithrix jacchus seja não-permissivo ao Schistosoma.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Callithrix , Schistosoma mansoni , Schistosomiasis mansoni , Callithrix , Disease Models, Animal , Intestines , Liver , Parasite Egg Count , Schistosomiasis mansoni
12.
Rev. bras. anal. clin ; 36(2): 95-98, 2004. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-490790

ABSTRACT

Os Streptococcus pyogenes b-hemolíticos do Grupo A (SBGA) são de relevante importãncia clínico epidemiológica, estando relacionados a patologias importantes. Com o objetivo de analisar a prevalência desta infecção em orofaringe de escolares assintomáticos e comparar métodos de diagnóstico do S. pyogenes, foi conduzido um estudo clínico-microbiológico. Foram cadastrados 873 escolares em 2 escolas públicas, a análise microbiológica da secreção orofaringeana foi realizada através do cultivo em meio de Agar sangue de carneiro 5%. SBGA foram identificados através dos testes de bacitracina Pyr e aglutinação em látex. Dos 873 escolares, foram examinados 753, a faixa etária variou de 5 a 18 anos de idade, sendo 54,3% do sexo masculino e 45,7% do sexo feminino. Foram identificados 6 portadores assintomáticos do SBGA, os quais foram submetidos ao tratamento com penicilina. O diagnóstico microbiológico do S. pyogenes realizado demonstrou que o teste de bacitracina apresentou um índice de concordância Kappa fraco e o Pyr teste regular quando comparados com a técnica aglutinação em látex. Nossos resultados mostram que apenas a utilização de testes presuntivos bacitracina e Pyr teste não propiciam o diagnóstico do SBGA, necessitando da utilização de testes específicos para identificação do sorogrupo dos estreptocos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Microbiological Techniques/methods , Bacitracin/analysis , Oropharynx , Penicillins/therapeutic use , Streptococcus pyogenes
13.
Rev. bras. saúde matern. infant ; 3(2): 175-180, abr.-jun. 2003.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-345714

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: investigar a prevalência Streptococus pyogenes em secreção de orofaringe de escolares procedentes de duas escolas públicas da cidade Recife. Métodos: estudo epidemiológico e clínico-microbiológico descritivo no qual foram examinados 753 escolares. A cultura bacteriana da secreção orofaringeana foi realizada em ágar-sangue de carneiro 5 por cento e as cepas SBGA identificadas através dos testes de bacitracina, Pyr e aglutinação em látex. Resultados: a faixa etária dos 753 escolares analisados variou de cinco a 19 anos, sendo 54,3 por cento do sexo masculino e 5,7 por cento do sexo feminino. Seis eram portadores assintomáticos de SBGA e foram submetidos ao tratamento com penicilina. Após o tratamento, realizou-se a dosagem da antiestreptolisina o (ASLO), cujos títulos séricos foram inferiores a 200UT. Conclusões: uma prevalência de SBGA de 0,8 por cento foi estimada em portadores assintomáticos, considerada baixa, quando comparado a outros resultados em estudos semelhantes. Sugere-se a realização de outros estudos para estimar a prevalência de SBGA em crianças com faringite e sua relação com a febre reumática aguda.


Subject(s)
Streptococcal Infections/epidemiology , School Health Services , Streptococcus pyogenes , Students , Prevalence
15.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 39(3): 155-8, maio-jun. 1997. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-201056

ABSTRACT

Preparaçöes antigenicas soluveis de Schistosoma mansoni adulto (SWAP) fixadas covalentemente em discos de polivinil alcool-glutaraldeido foram usadas em teste de ELISA. As melhores condiçöes para o ensaio foram estabelecidas e foi encontrado que uma quantidade mínima de antigeno, em torno de 1,5 ug e necessária. Comparaçäo entre este procedimento e o de ELISA convencional foi estabelecida. Um metodo seguro de imobilizaçäo do antigeno foi alcançado e os baixos preços dos reagentes empregados säo economicamente atraentes...


Subject(s)
Humans , Polyvinyl Alcohol , Schistosoma mansoni/drug effects , Schistosomiasis mansoni/diagnosis , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Evaluation Study , Glutaral
16.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 91(2): 195-8, Mar.-Apr. 1996. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-174379

ABSTRACT

Discs of polyvinyl alcohol cross-linked with glutaraldehyde were synthesized under acid catalysis (H2SO4). Then, the antigen F1 purified from Yersinia pestis was covalently linked to this modified polymer. Afterwards, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was established for the diagnosis of plague in rabbit and human. The best conditions for the method were achieved by using 1.3µg of F1 prepared in 0.067 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.2, containing 1 M NaCl (PBS); anti-IgG peroxidase conjugate diluted 6,000 times and as a blocking agent 3 per cent w/v skim milk in PBS. The titration of positive rabbit serum according to this procedure detected antibody concentrations up to 1:12,800 times. The present method, the conventional ELISA and passive haemagglutination assay are compared.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Rabbits , Polyvinyl Alcohol/administration & dosage , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Plague/immunology , Glutaral/administration & dosage
17.
Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz ; 89(2): 189-93, Apr.-Jun. 1994. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-155831

ABSTRACT

Ferromagnetic dacron is proposed as an alternative solid-phase for magnetic enzyme immunoassays. Human serum albumin (HSA) was covalentlyimmobilized onto ferromagnetic dacron and as enzyme immunoassay was developed using anti-HSA rabbit sera. Peroxidase, o-phenylenediamine (OPD) and hydrogen peroxide were used anti-HSA rabbit sera. Peroxidase, o-phenylenediamine (OPD) and hydrogen peroxide were used as the enzymatic label and substrates, respectively. Best results were observed when particles of 63-100 µm (diameter) and 10 µg of immobilized antigen were used. Positive reactions were detected until dilutions of1:51200 of immune sera. Its reproducibility was similar to standard ELISA. Disruption of the immunocomplexes formed and recuperation of the immobilized antigen in other immunoassays also proved to be reliable


Subject(s)
Humans , Serum Albumin/immunology , Ferric Compounds , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Polyethylene Terephthalates , Enzymes, Immobilized , Reproducibility of Results
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